Evidence-Based Pressure Ulcer Prevention

Proof Based Pressure Ulcer Prevention Weight Ulcer is normally experienced by hospitalized grown-ups. This skin condition is also called bed injuries to which the patient’s skin just as its basic tissue separates because of weight brought about by delayed non-development of the influenced skin zones. It gives uneasiness to the patient particularly to the individuals who have ailments, which impair them from evolving position. Weight Ulcer can grow quickly. Be that as it may, there are a few things that can help in anticipation and help the patient in the recuperating procedure. The motivation behind this paper is to build up an arrangement with respect to how the Pressure Ulcer can be forestalled dependent on the proof introduced in the articles including the recognized answer for the issue. The change plan will help the advancement of nursing practice with regards to Pressure Ulcer and recommends that repositioning and turning the patient continually will help in forestalling the event of this skin condition. Change Plan Using John Hopkins EBP Model Outline The John Hopkins Nursing EBP model or JHNEBP is a structure that is utilized to direct the interpretation of assembled proof into training (Buchko, 2012). It has incorporates three nursing establishments, for example, training, practice, and exploration. Medical caretakers should utilize this model to as a manual for encourage change since it incorporates both non-exploration and examination proof as they make reason for nurses’ dynamic. Accordingly, this model additionally demonstrates that both outside and inner variables ought to be placed in thought before existing nursing practice might be changed. Practice Question Stage 1 Recruiting between proficient group will be made out of attendants, going to doctor, and nursing help. Stage 2 The Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) question is â€Å"Do visit turning of patients lead to decrease of event of weight ulcers in hospitalized adults?† For PICO components, it is recognized that (P) is the hospitalized grown-ups that experience the ill effects of Pressure Ulcer; (I) would be the intercession approach of the issue, which is the successive turning of the patient to forestall or recoup from Pressure Ulcer side effects; (C) is the viewed as option in rewarding the Pressure Ulcer, for example, utilizing unique pads and sleeping pads, which can help in alleviating the weight in influenced skin regions; and (O) relates to the continuous recuperating of skin tissues that experienced Pressure Ulcer. Stage 3 Pressure Ulcer keeps the patient from a total recuperation as it gives expansion torment because of harmed skin tissues. Instances of Pressure Ulcer keep on expanding. Truth be told, Sullivan (2013) says that it expanded by 80% somewhere in the range of 1995 and 2008. In the clinic, however occupants of nursing homes likewise experience the ill effects of Pressure Ulcer and was accounted for that there was an estimated of 11% case increment in 2004 (Sullivan, 2013). This issue influences the human services on a more extensive scale. It gives extra medicinal services office costs, which may not be secured as it is an emergency clinic procured wellbeing condition. In this way, the general nursing practice will be additionally testing because of the event of Pressure Ulcer among grown-up patients. Stages 4 and 5 The group, which is made out of attendants, going to doctor, and nursing help will have their imperative jobs in accomplishing the focused on structure for change. They are significant as they hold various duties. The medical caretakers are answerable for guaranteeing that current Pressure Ulcer won't become more terrible by steady checking the influenced skin. The going to doctor is answerable for knowing whether there would be some other clinical ramifications because of Pressure Ulcer event. He is likewise answerable for giving extra drug, if necessary, other than the current ailment. The nursing help is answerable for giving help when it comes guaranteeing that the patient’s influenced skin zones are very much ventilated through consistent repositioning of the patient’s body. In joining their basic jobs and obligations, anticipation and treatment of Pressure Ulcer will be simpler to accomplish. Proof Stages 6 and 7 †The change plan is upheld by proof to which the rules of taking care of patients with Pressure Ulcer are introduced. Whitney et al. (2006) state that Pressure Ulcer is one of the difficulties of social insurance suppliers. The change plan intends to forestall the expanding event of such skin condition to which the articles expressed that there were just about 3 million patients influenced in the United States alone (Whitney et al., 2006). The exploration envelops bits of knowledge from clinical specialists just as their supposition about the issue. Logical proof were likewise introduced in the exploration, for example, legitimate patient situating, sustenance, bolster surfaces, readiness of wound bed and dressing, and the basic rules that were created per classification. The research’s quality improvement information was introduced in a type of different rules and nursing standards. One of the quality of this exploration is its capacity to give point by point rules concerning how the Pressure Ulcer can be taken care of appropriately without giving extra sufferings to the patient. It likewise features the rule behind each rule so as to clarify why such rule must be followed during the treatment procedure. Stages 8 and 9 †The proof shows that successive turning of patients will help in the decrease of the event of Pressure Ulcer. There are different articles that introduced the comparative perspectives and assumptions relating to the best possible treatment of Pressure Ulcer. Kaitani, Tokunaga and Sanada (2010) propose that there are chance factors that are identified with the event of Pressure Ulcer particularly in basic consideration setting. One of the hazard components may begin during the affirmation phase of the patient. The basic consideration setting includes ailments that will diminish the patient’s capacity to move and change position every now and then. Hence, it is imperative to realize that toward the start of confirmation stage, medicinal services suppliers must know that the event of Pressure Ulcer is high. Truth be told, very nearly 40 percent of the patients who experience the ill effects of Pressure Ulcer are the ones who are in the basic consideration set ting or emergency unit, (Tokunaga Sanada, 2010). The creators inferred that that there is no association between the event of Pressure Ulcers among patients and the include prescription. Consequently, the recurrence of situating and turning the patient particularly in the ICU is a prognostic pointer with respect to whether Pressure Ulcer will happen. This is additionally to diminish the likelihood of broadened confirmation of the patient in the emergency clinic. The redistribution of the weight is the primary objective of repositioning the patient so as to forestall the event of Pressure Ulcer. Sprigle and Sonenblum (2011) declare that such skin condition happens when there is a steady weight on the influenced skin territory. That is the reason; it is fundamental to lead a weight size administration through postural backings and bolster surfaces just as appropriate body act. This methodology should be possible through weight moving and turning recurrence including the utilization of dynamic surfaces (Kaitani, Tokunaga Sanada, 2010). Other than visit turning, situating gadget can likewise help in circulating the heaviness of the patient and improving the blood stream on skin surface. In this way intermittent repositioning of the patient joined with the situating gadget are two significant preventive strategies against Pressure Ulcer and perfect supporting treatment strategy for existing Pressure Ulcer. For the most part, the standard turning by medical attendants in emergency unit ICU doesn't reliably empty all the regions of skin-bed interface pressures (Peterson et al., 2010). The standard of taking care of patients with Pressure Ulcer is to forestall the majority of the skin territories to be feeling the squeeze to evade tissue harm. In any case, proof shows that even with the nearness of incessant turning and repositioning isn't an assurance that Pressure Ulcer won't happen as there are still skin zones that are in danger of tissue breakdown (Peterson et al., 2010). On the other hand, utilizing the help materials is likewise not an affirmation to forestall the event of this skin condition. Such materials for keeping up the patient’s turned position may likewise impact the tissue emptying, which may imperiled the influenced regions. In this manner, it is probable that there is as yet a hole between the hypothesis and practice with regards to Pressure Ulcer the board. Moore (2010) says that other than the expanded length of remain in the medical clinic, Pressure Ulcer may likewise build the wellbeing administration costs. Be that as it may, such condition is preventable through appropriate administration so as to give deliberately arranged wellbeing administration. One of the methodologies that can be utilized is the 30 degrees inclining of the patient’s body to evade an excessive amount of weight on the skin (Moore, 2010). In view of the proof introduced, repositioning the patient who is in danger of Pressure Ulcer like clockwork utilizing this tilt procedure will diminish the chance of Pressure Ulcer event. Stage 10 †Based on the accumulated proof, the suggestion to forestall potential Pressure Ulcer is to lead a steady turning of patient each 3 to 4 hours relying upon the patient’s body weight. The heavier the patient is the shorter the time span must be applied in repositioning the patient’s body. Consequently, it is likewise suggested that patients, particularly grown-ups in ICU division must utilize situating materials if conceivable. For this situation, the body’s weight will be appropriated equally alongside the regular turning method. It is likewise prescribed to apply the 30 degrees tilt on the patient with the goal that the weight won't produce an excess of weight on the skin’s interface. Accordingly, the gravity pull won't be centered around the forced

Pe Paper

eMikiki Ellaine M. Bulanan 2011-42642 Reaction Paper: Kinetics Festival 2012 (Thursday) For four evenings (September 25-28), the Department of Human Kinetics held presentation exhibitions from various moving classes of PE2. The whole show was led to exhibit what the understudies have realized in their individual classes just as for the diversion of the entire understudy body. During the fourth night, various segments of line move, present day move, hip twirl and road jazz moved their feet off displaying their procured information on callisthenic techniques.And for an entire hour the whole show was loaded up with giggling, astonishment, and unadulterated amusement. The exhibitions comprised lion's share of road jazz and present day moves. Each gathering introduced acceptably. Definitely, a few schedules were less synchronized and their moves were not displayed all around ok. There were additionally minutes when the developments and move steps need force and differentiation. In any cas e, these accidents were the wellspring of satire for the crowd energizing them more. Furthermore, it very well may be recommended that different gatherings ought to have picked progressively suitable tune backup and ensembles to liven up their exhibition.There was additionally a lot of entertainers which clearly didn't consolidate increasingly unique advances and appeared to have gotten their moves from a current presentation found on the web or a video some place. Regardless, the entire show was a lot of engaging. The little expense of the ticket for that occasion was so much worth the scene. The understudies may have been occupied since they likewise have scholarly attempts to take care of, still, they figured out how to set aside some effort to rehearse, arrange and present their individual numbers. Mikki Ellaine M. Bulanan 2011-42642Reaction Paper: Kinetics Festival 2012 (Friday) The last night of seven days in length festivity of the Kinetics Festival was contained different nu mbers from singular classes of Philippine Folk Dance, hip twirl, line move and tap move. Following the earlier evenings, the entire show went on for somewhat more than an hour however got an extremely high tally of crowd contrasted with the others. The entire Baker Hall arena was loaded up with understudies who were hoping to be engaged just as help their kindred understudies who were entrusted to show the information instructed during their PE sessions.For a beginning various exhibitions from line move class livened up the group with their clever demonstrations. A few individuals were extremely exceptional while there were a rare sorts of people who appeared to have overlooked their beats. One gathering of artists picked an exceptionally coordinating arrangement of outfits which articulate their cattle rustler topic. Tap move may not be the most mainstream here in the nation yet the bunch which played out this particular routine didn't neglect to engage everybody. Their out of cont rol moves and style were composed very well.The just hip twirl number that night was extremely brave and strong as far as their developments and postures. The young ladies performing were extremely enticing particularly in their scanty yet rich scarves and â€Å"ringing belts. † Lastly, a tally of Philippine people moves wrapped up the night by showing extremely grave yet intriguing moves which stimulated the nationalistic perspectives on the understudies. Their ensembles were as vivid as the rich social legacy of the Filipinos. They were noteworthy that despite the fact that there were minor defects on their in sync, they despite everything pull off the entire number.

Daily Life In Rome Essay Example For Students

Day by day Life In Rome Essay by Zach Aumage4/29/99Roman life was intriguing. The Romans had one of the bestcultures. They lived in the best city of their time.In the accompanying youwill find out about the day by day life of Romans including: Rome, Looks, Children,The house, and Romans Activities. The city all Romans lived in was obviously Rome. Rome was a veryfast developing humanized city. Living in Rome was packed and occupied. Therewas a ten mile outline of the city. Since Rome developed quicklypast its ten mile line, any individual who lived past it needed to deal with theroad before his home. During childbirth you are put at you fathers feet for him to acknowledge orreject.(Jonston 156) If you were dismissed you were either sold into slaveryor placed in a spot where individuals would discover you. In the event that you were acknowledged youstayed with your folks. On your ninth day of presence you werepurified, given blessings, and had a penance given in support of you. A Romanchilds first type of training is from the childs guardians. Later there isan rudimentary sort of training where you figure out how to peruse compose and knowyour numbers. At that point there is a secondary school identical for a few. Fewpeople had advanced education yet it was accessible. School was just untilnoon. The house is the most significant belonging for a great many people. TheRoman house was perfect and organized, your slaves cleaned it consistently. Allof your suppers are served to you in your home. The Roman houses weremade of rock with tile rooftop. Those are not extremely fascinating hues, sopeople would make the house increasingly delightful with blossoms or works of art. Most houses had those things and some had complicated tiles orwidows. The rich people home would have numerous individuals in it becausethey would have numerous kids and slaves.To house all these peoplethere must be numerous rooms. There could be numerous rooms, workshops, kitchens, wardrobes and restrooms. Destitute individuals had one roomhouses with earth floors. To acquire water the home you could have ahole in the roof that gets downpour or in rich people groups cased you couldhave direct reservoir conduit get to. (Jonston 89) The Roman individuals have been portrayed as appealing. Theywere strong and fit. The garments the men wore were a frock, a tunicand shoes. Ladies would wear a took, a tunic, and shoes. The Romanman had long shaggy hair and a long whiskers before 146BC. After 146BCMen would have all around cut hair and clean shaven faces.(Quennel 219) Women would have long hair. They could every so often color or bother yourhair.Sometimes you would wear. Outside specialists would consistently wear ahat called a pilleu. In the event that you voyaged you would wear a cap called a petasus. Romans weredarker than Americans. On the off chance that you worked outside you would be darker and ifyou worked inside you would be lighter. At the point when it down-poured you would pullyour frock up over your head for security. Youngsters would haveshoulder length hair. The exercises that Romans did during the day were different. TheRoman day began at the ascending of the sun. At the point when you got up your slavesalready were cleaning the house. You would have a little breakfast and goabout your day. The were went with to class, the ace of thehouse would go to work and the experts spouse would begin her dailyerrands. Around early afternoon each one returned home and had a little lunch. Whenthey were done they took a two hour snooze. After your rest you would notgo back to work or school, the evening was yours. You could go to agladiator battle or a chariot race in an amphitheater, or go to a shower. Bathswere open spots to unwind. Men had male showers and ladies had femalebaths. At night you would eat your last supper and be set for bedbecause there was no real way to light the house efficiently.A significant every day movement was going to showers. Numerous ladies and menwould go to showers, a few showers were only for ladies and some were justfor men.(Jonston p. 137) Inside the shower house there was a tub for hotwater and a tub for cold water. These are the means of setting off to a bath:first you go through the frigidarium (cold tub) at that point you go to thechanging room where you remove every one of your materials and give your valuablesto the specialist. In conclusion you go to the warmed chambers where the poolis, in the warmed chambers you start plentifully perspiring. Some of thethings you could do in the pool house were discussion, get rubs, exercise,or mess around. There were comparative spots for ladies. Professions of Romans were to some degree restricted yet accessible. The mostpopular occupation of the Romans was the activity of open man.(Kenneth 41) If youwere of the humbler class you would be in instructing or medication. On the off chance that youwere of the equestrian class you would be in trade, contracts orfinancial business. The occupations in the administration structures were highpaying. The most needed activity of the time was copyist. Romans had an extraordinary development and lived great lives. The Romanswere the most keen individuals of their time. They had individuals makegiant structures that endured quite a while. Their human progress went on for a long-lasting however in the long run fell. BibliographyJonston Mary, Roman LIfe, Chicago,Scott Forsman and Company, 1947Mathews D Kenneth, The Early Romans,New York, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1975Showerman Grant, Rome and the Romans,New York, The Macmillan Company, 1931Quennel Marjorie, Everyday Life in Roman and Anglo Saxon Times,Great Brittain, Jarold and Sons LTD, 1959

How To Evaluate The Mental Health Of A College

HomePlanCollege SearchHow To Evaluate The Mental Health Of A CollegeThis page may contain affiliate links.Oct 13, 2019If you are a parent planning college visits with your high school junior or senior, your campus tours will likely hit all of the school’s hot spots – the new dorms, the upgraded fitness center, and the high-tech science buildings. Your tour guide will talk about the advising system, the sports teams and the student clubs. These are all important things to know when researching colleges. Probably not on your tour guide’s agenda the state of mental health on campus. And to be fair to your tour guide, mental health on campus is probably not on your parental radar either. But it should be. Most mental illnesses such as anxiety, bipolar, and depression emerge with symptoms for the first time between the years 18 to 25. All students –those who have had mental health struggles in high school and those who haven’t – will be adjusting to a new environment with the temptations of late nights, a lack of set schedules, and no parental monitoring of drug and alcohol use. Parents – instead of being scared off by this info (â€Å"It won’t happen to my child†) – accept that it could, and if your child does not experience a mental health struggle while in college, it is likely that one or more of his or her friends will. Even students who sail through college on wave after wave of academic and social success may need a little support from time to time. Evaluating Mental Health Support on a College Campus: All parents and students want a school with strong academics. But a school where the library is open 24/7, emphasizing its academic intensity above all – or where students sport university t-shirts saying â€Å"where the fun goes to die† may be sending a clear message about campus priorities. In the ideal world parents should look for a college or university where there is a good balance between academic rigor and the social/athletic activities that help students maintain mental health and over-all wellness. So find out the answers to these questions: Does the college have an extensive orientation program? Does it offer supportive academic advisors and disability services? Are there peer counseling organizations and/or active chapters of mental health advocacy and support groups like Active Mindsand NAMI on campus? Does the school promote healthy eating, sleep, and exercise habits? Does the school train its faculty, staff, and peer leaders in suicide prevention? Are programs provided on alcohol abuse, stress management, and healthy relationships? Not every college or university will tick all of these boxes but if a school tilts more to the academic, and less to the wellness side, parents should consider the impact a highly competitive, â€Å"all work no play† atmosphere might have on your child. Quality of the Counseling and Psychological Services on Campus A big clue as to how responsive a college is to mental health issues is found in the quality of its psychological support services. Your student may never need these services but if she or he does, finding out in a time of need that the services are not of high quality or are hard to access, will make a difficult situation even more so. Most colleges and universities have separate counseling centers on campus, often called â€Å"CAPS† – Counseling And Psychological Services. Don’t assume that just because a brand name college is highly selective and offers amazing academics that it necessarily devotes the same level of attention (and money) to the services it offers in support of student mental health. A recent article by a California mom lamented the fact that her daughter’s well-known liberal arts college boasted a new multi-million dollar dorm while the school’s CAPS remained under-funded and under-staffed with two-week wait times for initial intake appointments. You will need to ask some questions to research a college’s CAPS. Look first for the answers on the school’s website. But don’t be surprised if you need to inquire further to get a true picture of how student mental health is supported. Are walk-ins available or are there waiting times for scheduling an initial evaluation? (Some schools have waiting lists of 1, 2 or 3 weeks for an intake appointment – which is not what a student in mental health need wants to hear.) How soon can a student set up an individual therapy session? What are the center’s opening hours? (If it closes at 5 p.m. every day, what happens after hours?) Are there limits on the number of therapy sessions (6 or 8?) per semester? Who provides the counseling sessions? A staff psychologist with a Ph.D. or a grad student intern? Once a student has reached the max number of on-campus sessions, what next? Does the college charge extra fees for therapy sessions? How is the CAPS center staffed? Is it headed by a psychiatrist? How many therapists are on staff? What are their credentials? If the CAPS center lacks a psychiatrist (and many do), must a student find a mental health provider off campus for the management of medications? Does the school have a 24-hour response line, a connection to a local hospital or mental health center? It is unrealistic for parents to expect that a college or university will always be able to fully meet a student’s mental health needs. If your student has an ongoing need for therapy beyond a set six appointments, let’s say or needs complicated management of her meds, the CAPS may refer her off campus. In addition to understanding mental health services on campus, have a feel for the availability of psychiatrists close by and consider having a list of services/doctors that you may need to contact if the situation warrants it. Of course you want to choose the â€Å"right† school for your student in terms of the basics of a school’s academics, athletics, net price, and admissions’ criteria. You should not, however, discount the importance of going beyond those basics. Look below the surface to understand how a school can (or cannot) help your student if he/she is in need of some mental health support, even if they have never needed any before.

10 Chinese Good Luck Symbols

The Culture Of Latin America Essay - 1630 Words

Introduction and Background The culture of Latin America is multi-faceted and rich. More than 300 million Spanish speakers reside in Latin America and are spread across a vast geographic region; this makes it tough at times to explain Latin American culture. Though, there are some living standards and ways of observing life which is in common all over the majority of the area. Latin America comprises of 21 main countries. Major languages spoken in Latin America are French, Portuguese, and Spanish. The Latin America region is a part of the inheritance of the colonization of the continent by European military powers starting during the 16th century. The residents and cultures of Latin America are numerous and different, too comprehensive to name separately. But, there are some definite elements of culture and population which are same across Latin America. These similar characteristics of region distinguish the area from English-speaking America. The period when European colonists (particularly Portuguese and Spanish) arrived during the 16th century, they found numerous flourishing native cultures. The Spanish and Portuguese also observed the practice of hunter-gatherer tribes residing in the deep forests. These native tribes came across highly developed European civilizations like that of Aztecs now called Mexico and Incas in South America. For instance, dissimilar to the United States, a large number of native tribes managed to survive the course of colonization. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Latin American Culture On Latin America1656 Words   |  7 Pageszone, living in Latin America would be much like that. The war bei ng fought here is very different, instead of fighting another country, they are fighting drugs. Although war is generally a negative thing, this one is not. In this war there are negatives, but the positives far outweigh them. Latin American countries have witnessed the very noticeable benefits of the drug trade in many aspects of everyday life. The use and production of drugs is important to Latin American culture, brings communitiesRead MoreA Critical Review of â€Å"the Ambiguities of Football, Politics, Culture, and Social Transformation in Latin America† by Tamir Bar-on.14147 Words   |  57 PagesA Critical Review of â€Å"The Ambiguities of Football, Politics, Culture, and Social Transformation in Latin America† by Tamir Bar-On. Introduction: In Latin America, soccer is not a game; it is a way of life. It is mixed in with politics and nationalism. It defines social classes. How politically influential is soccer in Latin America? It is used by â€Å"various Latin American socio-economic elites in order to retard the acceleration of working class and popular discontent† (Bar-On 1997:1.8). 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There are several types of democracy and each is different. According to the English dictionary, democracy is â€Å" a government by the people; especially: rule of the majority by a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by themRead MoreClassical Era in Latin America and Europe Essay1569 Words   |  7 Pagescivilization developed its own unique style of politics, culture and economies, the economic and social patterns in Latin America distinctly detached this civilization from any Western society, which accounted for obvious distinctions in both culture and politics. In politics, the most apparent feature of the Western Society was the creation of new political ideologies, resulting in neither an absolute or dictatorial structure. The instability of Latin American politics created a weakened stru cture, therefore

Does Cheating in Golf Predict Cheating in Business free essay sample

Approaching to the ethical principles, utilitarianism, a teleological principle, asserts that â€Å"we should always act so as to produce the greatest ratio of good to evil for everyone†, or for other words we should take the action that represents the â€Å"greatest good for the greatest number†. However this theory has some weaknesses (as any theory) such as the fact that it ignores the means, it just focuses on the ends, so using the utilitarianism reasoning, the end justifies the means, and relating this with the case we could have the situation when if we cheat and it will represent the â€Å"greatest good for the greatest number† according to this principle there’s nothing that makes that action ethically incorrect. However, Kant’s Categorical Imperative, a deontological principle that focus essentially on duties, bases in 3 formulations: act only on rules (or maxims) that you would be willing to see everyone follow; each person has dignity and moral worth and should never be exploited or manipulated or merely used as a means to another end; and we do not need an external authority—be it God, the state, our culture, or anyone else—to determine the nature of the moral law. We can discover this for ourselves. This principle is more subjective, but we can summarize that for example in the golf match I believe that anyone would like to lost a match because your opponent cheat, so and using the first assumption referred above, you should not do it too. Here we have the ethical issue in the case and we can summarize it in one question, is cheating worth it? The ethical issue of cheating is sometimes really tricky because even ourselves were in some situation when a little cheat will not hurt anyone University of Southern Denmark Stakeholder Management Nuno Graca CPR nr: 300492-3749 nd anyone was looking so it seemed so easy and will make us stay ahead of the others, but it still a cheat. So going back to the topic of the case what should they do? Cheat but win the bet in golf and try to overtake the competitors in business or be honest and let your skills decide the result of the bet and try to improve your company based on your strengths without dirty tricks? Society says that cheating is wr ong but at the same time exerts an enormous pressure for people to achieve success, what makes some people deviate from their character and personal ethics and forget the means as long as the goal is achieved. ) I think is clearly evident that today we are living in a cheating society where everyone does everything to succeed even if they have to be unethical or going against the law. Almost every day we read news about some company that has hidden millions of dollars in offshore tax-havens to escape to pay the taxes or about another doping case in some sport, cheating became t be something so usual that we got used to hear about. Nowadays if you fail you have someone on your back to take your position, failure is increasingly not tolerated and the fear of not be succeed is constant because we don’t want to disappoint our family, friends, colleagues, boss, or everyone who has a stake on us – our stakeholders. That makes us feel an inexplicable desire to achieve success at all costs not only for us but for everybody who is counting on us. It’s this pressure that everybody feels that is becoming the society day by day a society based on cheating, cheating to win a bet, cheating to take advantage of our competitors in the business world, cheating to win in any sport, basically cheating to achieve the success. For everything that I wrote before it’s easy to deduce that I agree with David Callahan when he points exactly this climate where â€Å"you kill or you die†, all for the success and also points four reasons that explain this cheating society where we live today. It could be ironic to say, but the truth is the society pushes you to cheat because as Callahan said today the rewards are a consequence of a win and the temptation is always present when you want to win you will try all ways to do it and moreover if you know that others are cheating too you will think they are doing it and they can take advantage of it and even overtake me because of that so I’ll do the same, University of Southern Denmark Stakeholder Management Nuno Graca CPR nr: 300492-3749 and then we get in a unending cycle of cheating. Today there is so much to be gained by being just a little better than others by running a little more faster than any other athlete, by getting to and staying at the very top of the corporation, or by being the absolute best in any other field. Salaries and rewards for those who come out on top have gone crazy. CEOs got 40 times what the average employee in their company earned in 1980, and 400 times by 2000. Who would settle for less when they are bombarded by ads like Nikes during the 1996 Atlanta Olympics: You dont win silver. You lose gold? The winner-take-all culture exists in almost every area of today’s life. Tempted by these rewards, some people climbing the ladder may do almost anything to get to the top, and some who already have made it there will do almost anything to stay. Athletes turn to performance enhancers to remain superstars as they age, corporate executives falsify the books to retain their immense pay and perks. Adding to the temptation, athletes, high school students and scientists may convince themselves that anyone who is on top has cheated to get there, and therefore they rationalize it for themselves. So, we have become a society captivated by the winner. We have made the one who comes out on top in sports or rises to the peak in business a new kind of royalty. It is no wonder people cheat. It’s a cultural problem of our society, maybe we ought to reward more the one who strives to be successful and valorise less the results. In the day that the effort will worth more than a victory people will stop cheating. 3) I would say that cheating outside of the work has a relation with cheating at work. They are for sure two different realities but from the Starwood study presented in the case we can reach a conclusion. 99 percent of the executives interviewed consider themselves honest in business, however 82 percent admit they cheat at golf. So this means that they are open to admit that they are not honest in the golf field but when we talk about their professional life their attitude change and almost everyone says that they don’t cheat, because there the topic is more serious is maybe the work of a life and they don’t want to be judge they want people to recognize their merit. University of Southern Denmark Stakeholder Management Nuno Graca CPR nr: 300492-3749 When the executives cheat in a golf game is not for the reasons that I wrote above in the second question, is not to reach the top because they’re not golf players, there they have another reasons such as their pride. Golf is not a normal sport, is a sport hardly associated with business, and business as a competitive e world even when is just a simple golf game nobody wants to be bad in the â€Å"picture†. In other side, cheating at work is much more according the reasons that I pointed before, about being successful and reach the top at all costs. Let’s imagine that an executive that cheated on golf had an opportunity to cheat and make thousands of dollars with that, what do you think he will do? In my opinion someone who cheats for a small prize in a golf game doesn’t have any problem to cheat for a much bigger reward. Obviously, I’m not saying that is always like this, the relation is not exactly direct and is not true in every case but I think in most of them we can do this logic. The data present in the case also support my point of view, because 72 percent of respondents believe business and golf behaviour parallel each other. So now there is a relevant question to be answered, cheating is all about your personal character? If you cheat once you’ll be a cheater in all the areas of your life? To the first question I don’t think I have the competence to answer accurately, but what I think is your character can be moulded and even if now you avoid completely to cheat there is nothing that can guarantee that you will never do it. To the other question my answer is no, because there are some moments in your life that even if you are the most honest people in the world, if the happiness and future of the people that you love depends on that you will do it and in my opinion it doesn’t make you a cheater and it doesn’t mean you will cheat in everything in your life from this moment on. University of Southern Denmark Stakeholder Management Nuno Graca CPR nr: 300492-3749